Centrifugal extractor



11 Sheets-Sheet 1 H. C. ELLIS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR Sept. 5, 1950 Filed Jan. 22. 1945 P 5, 1950 H. c. ELLIS 2,521,054

CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR Filed Jan. 22, 1945 11 Sheets-Sheet 2 Sept. 5, 1950 H. c. ELLIS 2,521,054

CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR ll Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan. 22, 1945 Sept. 5, 1950 Filed Jan. 22, 1945 H. c. ELLIS 2,521,054

CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR 11 Sheets-Sheet 4 P 1950 H. c. ELLIS 2,521,054

CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR r Filed Jan. '22, 1945 11 Sheets-Sheet 5 .11; if: JZZ/QZZF' 255 15962 5155 Jiz'zeriGZY/fi H. c. ELLIS 2,521,054

Sept. 5, I950 CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR Filed Jan. 22, 1945 11 Sheets-Sheet e LEVER 45 J48 4ND VHL YE fiveizir jzzzaen c, Ema;

Sept. 5, 1950 H. c. ELLIS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR ll Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed Jan. 22, 1945 Sept. 5, 1950 H. c. ELLIS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR l1 Sheets-Sheet 8 Filed Jan. 22, 1945 Sept. 5, 1950 H. c. ELLIS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR l1 Sheets-Sheet 9 Fi led Jan. 22, 1945 HNWQ PAW EQLQQK QMNQQRW 172067257 156567-36 .ZT/Jn';

Sept. 5, 1950 H.. c. ELLIS CENTRIFUGAL EXTRACTOR ll Sheets-Sheet 10 Filed Jan. 22, 1945 ksanhmaxww o o G la er-2 2% r Patented Sept. 5, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,521,054 CENTRIFUGAL EXTRAC'IOR Hubert C. Ellis, Evanston, 111., assignor to The Ellis Drier 00., Chicago, 111., a corporation of Illinois Application January 22, 1945, Serial No. 573,996

18 Claims.

be apparent from a consideration of the following detailed description.

The invention consists in the several novel features of construction and in the system of drying apparatus. operation which are hereinafter described and.

An important object of the invention is to pIO- m r part u ar y d fi d b the ms at h vide a commercial drier or extractor in which conclusion thereof. certain of the apparatus is controlled pneu- In the drawings Which accompany and form matically and in which there is also electrical r of s sp fi disclosure, and in driving and perating apparatus with pneumatic WhlCh like letters and numerals Of reference decontrols. note corresponding parts throughout the several A further object of the invention is to provide w an extractor and drier of the class described in Flgure 1 a slde elevetlqn of extraf3tol which a cycle of operations, both electrical and constructed n accordance w th this invent on; pneumatic are completed for each run of the magi a? g gg fig g fi i taken at fight chine. 1 1 1e A further object of the invention is to pro- Figure 3 top Vlew of the machme Shown vide a drier and. extractor for wet clothes in m Fjlgure V which the apparatus is controlled and operated P sgfztlonal of the Structure by a combined electrical and pneumatic system 5 g .lgure 1 d t f th and arrangement of parts to cover a complete g fi ii Sec 6 a1 0 8 cover Opel" cycle of operations of he appara us.

A still further object of the invention is to 23 2 2 332 32 12 $2 52 the gQ provide a centrifugal extractor having electrical =Figureg7 is a detail View 2 the f g pneumatlc parts Whmh operate auto Figure 8 is a plan view of the braking operat matlcially tof competeta predetteriln crliled cycledof mg mechanism, opera ions rom e line we 0 0 es are eposited in the machines until they are delivered gggfg i ja g g i i f of the brake m a T' ready the batch- Figure 10 is an elevation of the timer and con- Other ob ects of the invention are 1n the pro- 131.01 panel. vision of improved switches both electrical and Figure 1 is a sectional View of the control pneumatic, in improved brake structure, in a a Shown in Figure Figures 11A and 11B simplified pneumatic cover control and in imare detail views f a solenid trippel. p v d a mati al y p at d par s f effecting Figure 12 is a sectional view of the left control the predetermined operation of the apparatus. 1ever a d th valves which it operates;

A further object of the invention is in provid- Figure 13 is t-4 1 View of t right com ing combined electrical and pneumatic extractor t l le er and the valve which it operates; apparatus which is effective and efficient in Figure 14 is a rear elevation of the pipe Operativnnections of the control panel;

Another object of the inve tio is 110 D V Figure 15 is a side elevation of the piping shown a drier or extractor having combined electrical in Figure 14; a d pneumatic controlling a d p t g pa ts Figure 16 is a top view of the motor valve with which are generally of new and improved 0021- the c er v d; struetien h a t d y s pli ty of desi Figure 17 is a sectional view of the motor as well as ease and facility of assembly and valve with the cover in place; operation. f Figure 18 is a detail sectional view of one of Other objects of the invention and various the diaphragm Valves; advantages and characteristics of the present Figure 19 is a detail sectional view of a double combined electrical and pneumatic extractor will check valve assembly;

Figure is a diagrammatic view illustrating the condition of the pneumatic and electrical operating parts with the apparatus stopped and the cover closed;

Figure 21 is a, similar diagrammatic view of the controlling and operating parts when the machine is stopped and the cover is open;

Figure 22 is a diagrammatic view of the electrical and operating parts when the extractor is running;

Figure 23 is a diagrammatic view showing the condition ofitheelectrical and pneumatic parts when the apparatus isslowing down prior to the stopping position; and

Figure 24 shows an electrical circuit insuring brake release before the driving motor can be started.

At the start of a cycle oi operations,, the machine is stopped, the brake is released} theqrrotpr is oh and the cover is open. An operator lowers a load of clothing into the extractor basket and arranges them in a balanced relation by turning the free basket and distributing the load if it appears necessary. The machine is now ready fori a run. The operator sets the timer located at the top of the control station panel fo'r'a run ofmany. .desiredlength, then raises two tom-o1 levers locatedju'st below the timer; The machine isnow set to go through its 'completecycle automatically and the operator is free to do other work for the duration of the run. The cycle bf operation. is as follows:. First the coverfilos'es; then the motor starts and, continues to run for the length of time set by the timer. When this time has expired, the motor circuitji's out offend the brake is applied until the basket comes t'ofa full, stop. The cover is then opened and the brake is released freeing the basket. The ,extractor is now ready for unloading and for another cycle of operations,

Beferringnow more particularly to the drawings, the extractor comprises an outer casing 25 supported at the bottom by aibase, 2'6v having an upwardly projecting center ZTproVidinga bfea'ring r for a verticalmounting shaft 2'8} 'Extendingi'at spaced intervals from the outer edge of. the base are supporting projections 29 dispose'dfs'omewh'at within and below the upperjends, of supporting pedestals '3 0which have a f rm mountir'igi pon a H floor '3l or any other suitable support forthe extractor. r,

Extending between each projection I29, arid-the upper end of each pedestal :{llisa supportingbar 3 2 with a resilient'rubberflike buffer33fatIeach end enclosed between washers 34"sur'rouriding the bar, The buffer and the washer at the'l'olwe'r'end of the bar is seated inta recess 35 at the under side or the projection 29 andjthe, bufieraiid the washers at the upper end of, the barare'seated'in a recess 36, opening from ,theiuiipe r rid.of. .the pedestal, ,the buffers and "washersi birig tightened on the ends ,of the .bar by nuts {31', and the v,bar extending loosely through, openings in ,the bottoms of the recesses. Covering the'nut'atthe top of the pedestaljis a r movabiecap;aa.., Thus the entire base of the extractor"is'resilientlyisup ported to take upiany vibrationiwhich may be imparted to the extractor by its'm otor and the rapid rotation of the extractor basket Within the casing, the v upper end offshaft .28 projects above the bearing iii-the upwardly, projectin'g center 21, providingga slightly 'jbeyeled seatfor a central projectionjflfof'theibasejll of the extractor basket whichvhasflan outer'perforated cylindrical wall 4| and strengthening outer 75 an operating bar 83.

4 rims 42. The upper end 43 of the shaft is re-' duced in size and threaded and a removable cap 44 is secured thereto holding the basket in place on the shaft.

At the lower end of the driving shaft 28 which is suitably mounted in bearings in the projection 2'! of the base is a drum 45 secured to the beveled extremity of the shaft by a nut 45 threaded on the end of the shaft. This drum has a grooved driving portion 4'! and a projecting brake flange 48.

At the top of the casing 25 is a rim 49 and a cover 50. The rim is tightly secured to the casing 25 and the cover has parallel ribs 5| extending partially over the top and terminating in projections 52 at one side of the cover. The cover is pivotally mounted on brackets 53 secured to the upper edge of the casing and projecting above the casing to receive 'a hinging bar 54 which extends through the brackets and through the rib projections 52 so that the cover may be raised and lowered about the bar 54 as a center.

Inorder to raise and lower the cover, fluid pressure operating means are provided comprisinga cylinder 55 for each of the arm projections 52 having a piston 56 movablein the cylinder, and the piston rod 51 extending therefrom through a packing'gland in the outer end of the cylinder and having a terminal piece 58 at the outer end connected by a pivot 59 to the outer eh'd of the arm projection '52. The lower 'end of the cylinder is closed by a fitting 60 'hayinga projecting ear for connecting it to a pivot fil ex tending through a rib 62 of the supportin'gbase. When fluid under pressure is admittedto the cylinders at the upper ends of their pistons, the cover will be raised and when fluid under pressure is admitted at the bottom of the cylinders, the cover will be closed. In opening, the move-- ment of the cover is limited by the engagement of projections 63 at the under side of the rib extensions 52 with the under side of the cover brackets 53. v y

A cover switch '64 is secured 'tothe upper-edge of the casing 25 between the mounting brackets 53 and comprises a casing in which a switch operating arin 'is mounted upon a transverse shaft 6' 3 extending across the casing and through one side thereof. At the outer end'of the shaft is an arm 6i pivo-tally connected to'one end of a link '68, the other end of which has a pivotal connection with an arm efl'secured to the cover operating shaft '54. The connection of the parts is such that when 'the'oo'ver is raised, the switch arm ES is raiS'ed and when the cover is closed, the switch arm 65 engages a push button 10 which carries a contactor plate I! for electrically connecting two contacts 12 and 13.

For engaging the brake drum flange 48 as shown more clearly in'Figures '8 and'ELa brake band 14 having- 9, brake shoe or contact band 15 partially surrounds the brake flange and has end connectors 13 and H for applying the bral:

to stop the rotation of the shaft 28 and 'the'carrier basket attached thereto. One of the end fittings lfil'hasfa perforated ear 18 through which extends a bar 79 connect'edto the other end fitting t On the opposite end'of the 'bar is a coil spring '8}! confine-d between the ear l8 and a washer '8! vheld'on the end of the shaft by means of a fastening nut 82 tending to wrap. the brake band 14 around the flange 48, thus 'applyin'g'the brake.

Connectedto theother end of the'fittingl'l'is The free end of the bar has a pivot 84 connecting it to one arm 85 of a bell crank mounted on a fixed pivot 86 and having an opposite operating arm 81. The free end of the operating arm is connected by a pivot 68 to a fitting 89 at one end of a piston rod 9i! which extends into one end of a brake cylinder 9| mounted on a pivot 92 at its other end projecting from base 26. When pressure is applied to the brake cylinder 9| to move the piston rod outwardly, the arms 81 and 85 of the bell crank are moved to draw the bar 83 in a direction to release the brake by compressing the spring 86 and correspondingly loosening the brake band upon the brake drum flange 48. When pressure is released from the brake cylinder, the spring til presses the brake end fitting It and 11 together, applies the brake, and moves the bar 83 in a reverse direction, correspondingly moving the piston and the piston rod 95] in the brake cylinder.

A timer and control panel is shown more clearly in Figure and comprises a timing device 93 of any suitable construction, having an operating knob at which may be set for different time intervals. This timer is set into a panel 95 which forms the front of a housing for containing right and left operating levers 96 and 91 which project through slots 98 and 99 respectively at the bottom of the panel. This control panel is commonly mounted upon a hollow standard or post its adjacent to the extractor. One of these levers ill controls a normally open valve structure as shown in Figure 12, to control the operation of the cover Si! by means of the cylinders 55, and it is designated as the NO lever, and the valve which it operates as the NO valve. The other or right hand lever 96 controls a normally closed valve structure for controlling the supply of current to an electrical driving motor, and it is therefore designated as the NC lever and the NC valve as shown more clearly in Figure 13.

The normally open valve structure as shown in Figure 12 comprises a barrel fitting IBI and a guide Hi2 below it attached to a connection block I2I suitably supported in the panel 95. An upper packing gland I03 has an internal recess Iilt for receiving one end of a spring III-5, the other end of which engages a reduced portion IIiII of a stem It? extending loosely through a passage Itt connected with a ball recess I59 and containing a ball III). The ball is seated at the upper end of a hollow sleeve III above a packing gland IIZ inserted at the lower end of the barrel lei. A thrust stem H3 moves freely in the gland and bears at its upper end against the ball Ilii and its lower end extends through the gland I I2 and into the guide II)? where it enters a bore H4 of a fitting H5 slidable in the guide, being cushioned therein by a spring H6 seated in the bore and tending to press the thrust stem upwardly.

The lower end of the fitting H5 is connected by a link I I? with an ear I I8 projecting from the lever 9? and when the lever 97 is moved upwardly, the ball III) is raised resiliently from its seat at the upper end of sleeve III and is pressed against a valve seat H9 at the upper end of the ball recess I09. The ball recess E83 has a passage I extending therefrom into the panel block IZI from which it is connected by means of a pipe I22 with one end of a diaphragm valve B.

At the upper end of stem I0! is a chamber I24 having a passage I25 extending therefrom and connected through block I 2| with a 'fluid pressure supply pipe I26.

At the bottom of sleeve III and between it and the attached or adjacent gland portion H2 are openings I21 communicating with a surrounding chamber I28 connected by a passage I29 to and through the block I2I to a pressure discharge or vent opening I30.

The normally closed valve NC is similar in structure and operation to the normally open valve NO; it is shown in detail in Figure 13 and it is connected to the same attachment block IZI. It comprises a barrel fitting I3I having an upper packing gland IE3 with a recess I04 for seating one end of a spring I the other end of which engages a ball I32 tending to seat it on a valve seat I33. The ball is movable upwardly against the spring pressure in a chamber I34 connected to a passage I35 and thence through the block. ml with the air supply pipe I26. A thrust stem I3? is loosely mounted in a barrel passage I38 to engage the ball I32 at one end and to engage a valve ball I39 at the other end. This latter ball is movable in a chamber Mil and is adapted to be closed upon a valve seat MI at the lower end of the barrel passage I38 oppositely in direction to the closing of the ball I32. Extending from this chamber I46 is a passage I42 which extends through a vent passage I43 in the block I2I.

Intermediate the ball valves and their seats and intermediate the passages I35 and M2 is a passage ms communicating with the barrel pas- IES and leading through the block I2I which is connected through intermediate piping with another diaphragm valve A.

To operate the ball valves I 32 and I39, a thrust stem It! extends through the lower mounting gland H2 and into the bore II -l of fitting H5 slidable in the guide I82 of the normally closed lever 96 which is connected for operation of the fitting by means of a link In. The movement of the thrust stem It! is cushioned by its engagement with one end of a spring I I6 seated in the bore H4.

Thus it will be seen that the normally open lever at has a ball valve for allowing pressure to flow from the upper passage I25 through passage I88 and through the passage I23 when the lever Ill is in its lowered position; and when the lever is raised, ball H6 is closed on seat H9, and a relief connection is established between passage I as and vent passage I29 through the hollow sleeve HI, openings I27 and chamber I28. Likewise, when lever 96 is in its lower position, the upper ball I32 is closed upon its seat I33 and a vent connection is established from passage I 34 through the bore I38 past the valve ball I39 and its chamber I 6 to the vent passage I 32; when the lever is raised, the lower valve ball is closed upon its seat It I, the upper ball I32 is raised from its seat I33, and a pressure connection is established between passage I35 into the chamber ,I3 i past the valve seat I33 and bore I38 into the passage M4.

Each of the valve levers and 9! is mounted upon a pivot M5 in a support I46 extending below the guide IE2 which is secured to mounting block I2I by fastening screws Nil. The pivotal mounting of each lever is adjusted by a stud Hill which projects oppositely from the lever and provides means for engaging a fixed stop M9, carried by the support I45 and thus limiting the downward movement of each of the levers.

The normal position of both levers 96 and Ill is in the downward or outwardly projecting position asshown in Figures and l-l, and when raised, the parts controlled by the lever are-maintained: in their upward or raised position because the pivotal connection between the link II! and. the lever ear H8 is moved across the center line between the lever pivot I and the connection of the upper end of link ll with the fitting H5. Some means is therefore necessary to move the links and levers outwardly in order to return them to their lowered position. The meansprovidedfor this purpose comprises asolenoid at the top of the control box atthe rear of the panel 95 having a winding I59- for attracting and raisingan armature I5I when the solenoid is energized. The armature is connected at the upper end of a vertically movable rod I52 having a perforated fitting I-53 at the lower end as shown more clearly in Figures 11A and I113. The fitting'is connected at each side thereof with an arm I of an operating member I5'6'-by' means of a common pivot I54, both arms being mounted on a common pivot I51. One operating member I56 for each of the levers 96'and 91 is arranged adjacent and in line with the link I I I of the corresponding lever, each comprising an upward.

projection I58 having a roller I59carried-by the projection and adapted to be'engaged by-its corresponding link II! when its lever 95 or 91 is operatively raised to thereby contact the roller end of the lever I56 and actuate the connected rod I52 moving it downwardly, and the reverse movement of the rod actuating the members I56 to press the link forwardly when the rod I52 is raised by the solenoid 456. Thus the levers 96 and 9! are electrically moved-to deflect the connecting links I I! past their operating center line so that the springs 35 and H5 will then return the levers to their lowered position. Thesole noid tripper for the levers 96 and 51 thus comprises the vertically movable trip rod I52as' also shown in Figures 11A and 11B in'which the pivot pin I56 which connects fitting I53 at'the end of the trip rod I52 extends through arms I55'of the two lever operating members I55, one on each side of the rod. When this pivot pin I54'is ar- 1 ranged so that itextends through both of the arms I55 as shown in Figure 11A, the normally open valve NO which controls the operation of the'cover is tripped by the solenoid and the cover will'open automatically; as hereafter explained. When the pivot pin is partially withdrawn" so that only one of-theoperating members I56 is engaged thereby, asillustrated in Figure 11B, the operating member I56 is not'moved, theoperating lever 91 for the cover valve NO' is not tripped and it is necessary to actuate' the lever 91 manually when it is-desired to open the cover by the operation of the cover controlling-valve.

This adjustment is easily-made from the'back of the panel housing, and if desired, an additional set screw similar to I 54a may be provided in connection with either one or both of the arms I55 for engaging the pin I54 and holding it'in either adjusted position.

In the operationof the solenoid; a normally open micro-switch Sis-operatedby'a projection its-attached tothe-rod- I52 or some other part moved by the solenoid-the switch being closed by the upward movement of levers 96 and Hand opened by the solenoid; the connection being such :as illustrated in'the. wiring diagram'that the opening. micro switch breaks I the: solenoid energizing. circuit.v so that: the r solenoid is only momentarily energized. When thesolenoidis energized, it. opens the. micro-switch and also trips both valve levers 96 and 9'! as above described, to a down position allowing the valves controlled thereby to return to their downward positions.

Each ofthe valvesoperated by levers' 96 and 91 is connected to a diaphragm valve A and B respectively as shown more clearly in Figure 18. This valve comprises a three-way fitting I6I having an internally threaded side connected pass'age I82, an end fitting I53 with aninternally threaded passage IIS I and an opposite end fitting I with an internal chamber I86 and a reduced end passage I61. These two end fittings IE3 and I65-each have an end recess I68 together forming achamber I69 for a valve ball I19. The inner extremities of these two fittings I 63 and I65- terminate short of each other within the sleeve member ISI forming a circular passage H2 connected with an outer chamber I'I3 which leads directly to the passage I62. At the'outer end of the end member IE5 is an enlarged head I'I4 recessed atthe end to provide a seat for a diaphragm I'i5 therein and a recess IIIS inwardly from the diaphragm for seating a headed plunger I I1 therein, the head of the plunger engaging the diaphragm and the reduced portion of the plunger being freely movable inthe internal chamber I65, and having a reduced stem I'I8 adapted to project" into the end passage I51 and to engage the valve ball I'IB therein to press it from the seat at the end of the fitting I65, and to press it against the seat at the end of fitting I63. In the chamber I86 surrounding the stem H8 is a spring I19 which bears at one end-upon the headed member I7? and at theother end upon the end of the chamber, thereby tending to urge the valve operating stem out of contact with the valve ball I15 and tending to press the diaphragm I15 outwardly; The diaphragm is maintained in position in the head IlA-by the outer marginal engagement therewith of a clamping member I89 which has a threaded passage I8! extending to a chamber I82'at the outer side of the diaphragm so that when pressure is applied through this passage IBI, the diaphragm is'deflected sufiicientl against the pressure of spring I'I9 to press the valve'ball Illl away from its seat and to close the passage I5 5 of the opposite end member I53. Figure 18 shows the valve with no inward pres-- sure on the diaphragm H5. This is the condition represented in Figures 20, 21 and 23 at diaphragm valve A, and in Figures 21 and 22 at diaphragm valve 13, as hereinafter described. The piping connections of the diaphragm valves A- and B are also shown in Figures 11, 14 and 15, as hereinafter set forth.

A double check valve assembly is shown in Figure 19 somewhat similar to a portion of the diaphragm valve assembly. It comprises a threeway or T-fitting I83 having a lateral passage I 84 and opposite internally threaded end passages. Two similar end members I85 are inserted one at eachend of thefitting I83, each member having an externally threaded portion with a shoulder I85 to engage one outer end of the fitting I83, limiting its insertion therein. At the inner end of each fitting is a recess I81 having a central reduced passage I38 communicating therethrough with an outer internally threaded portion I89, the two inner recesses I87 forming a chamber for receiving a valve ball I99 adapted to move loosely in the recess under pressure applied to one end passage I88 to seal the other of-the'end passages I88, depending upon-the-direction pressure is applied to the fitting. The inner ends of the members I85 terminate short of each other to provide a space I 9I communicating with an outer circular recess I92 between the ends of the members I85 and the inner surface of the fitting I83 and communicating at one side thereof with the lateral passage I84. With this construction, the valve ball will seat against either one of the end passages I88 due to pressure applied to the fitting and thus connecting the other end passage with the lateral passage I84.

This three-way check valve is connected for operation as shown more clearly in Figures to 24 where it is designated as the valve T and connected at opposite ends to pipes 248 and 249 which are sometimes under pressure and sometimes connected to exhaust, the central or downwardly extending passage being connected by pipe 2 37 to the brake cylinder 9| for controlling pressure and exhaust thereto as hereafter and more fully described in connection with the operation of the system.

The normall open valve NO has a passage I at the top connected through block I2I with the fluid pressure supply pipe I26, and the passage I20 which extends from the fitting IllI is connected by means of a pipe 522 with the lower end opening I54 of the diaphragm valve 13 as shown in Figures 20 to- 23. Likewise, the normally closed valve NC receives pressure from the pressure supply pipe !25, and a passage I44 communicating with the passage I 38 in the barrel i3! is connected by a pipe 25%) with the upper passage IilI of diaphragm valve A as shown in Figures 20 to 23. The three-way check valve T is connected by pipe 229 with the pipe 250 of diaphragm valve A and by the pipe 248 which is connected to a pipe 2% extending between the side connected passage I62 of diaphragm valve B and the top of the cover cylinder 55 as shown in Figures 20 to 23. The building operation of these parts is described hereafter in the detail operation of the system.

A driving motor M3 is suitably mounted upon extractor base 26 at one side of the casing 25 with its shaft I96 extending vertically, the lower end of the shaft having a driving Ipulley I95 connected thereto and the outer face of the pulley having grooves for receiving a plurality of driving belts I96 which extend around corresponding grooves of the driving drum 45.

The upper end of motor shaft I92 is connected to a vent valve controller as shown more clearly in Figures 16 and 17. A coupling member IS'i is threaded or otherwise secured to the upper end of motor shaft 594' and has a driving slot I 98 engaged by a tongue I99 of a coupling member 280. A smaller shaft 20E is threaded into the coupling member 200 and :projects through a mounting base 202 fixed at the upper end of motor I93 and having anti-friction bearings 203 in the base 252 for rotatably mounting the shaft 2M therein.

At the bottom of the lower bearings is a removable plate 2532 held in place by screws 285 for retaining a part of the lower upper bearing in place, and at the top of the bearing is a shoulder 22% on the shaft 205 for retaining a part of the upper bearing in place. The object of this construction is to maintain shaft 2m in a fixed vertical position, but to permit a limited longitudinal movement of the motor shaft I04 with respect thereto. A speed governor operated by the driving motor I93 is mounted on the upper end of shaft 20I and comprises a lower member 201 fixed to the shaft against shoulder 206 by a pin 208 and an upper member 209 longitudinally movable upon the upper end of the shaft.

Extending from the upper and lower members are ears 2I0 and 2H respectively between which are pivoting links 2I2 and 2I3 respectively, the links being arranged in pairs and each pair of links 2I2 and 2I3 having a common pivot 2I4 joining them and carrying a fiy ball or weight 2 I 5.

Also extending between the two members with the ends engaging the ears thereof and surrounding the shaft is a coil spring 2I6, held in place by hub extensions of the upper and lower members 209 and 201 [and tending to separate the members and to keepthe fly balls or weights in their innermost positions.

Mounted in the base 252 is a yoke 2II, secured at opposite ends by fastening screws 2I8, which extends above the top of the upper member 209. It is provided with an opening 2I9 to loosely receive an upward projection 220 of the upper governor member from which extends a reduced stem 22I.

Secured to the upper side of the yoke by means of a block 222 is a valve body 223 having a bottom bore 224 into which the stem 22I extends and having a larger bore 225 opening from the upper end of the body for receiving a threaded valve cap 226 which has a stem 22'! projecting nearly to the bottom of the recess when the cap is inserted in the valve body with a hollow bore 228 extending inwardly from the end thereof for seating a coil spring 229 therein adapted to press a valve ball 230 against the upper edge of the bore 224 which forms a valve seat therefor. The inner end of the stem portion 221 beyond the threaded portion of the valve cap fits loosely within the bore 225 to provide a chamber 23I which also continues over the end of the stem 22'! and this chamber is controlled by the ball valve. A pressure inlet 232 is connected through the valve body in communication with the chamber 23I and extending from the reduced bore 224 below the valve ball is an outlet or vent passage 233.

The principal object of the vent valve or motor valve which is controlled by the speed governor is to insure that the driving motor speed has been reduced to a predetermined minimum before the cover operating cylinders 55 are vented at their bottoms to insure that the driving motor is practically at a standstill before the cover 50 is automatically opened by pressure applied to said cylinders.

The outward movement of the governor balls when the speed of the motor is sufficient to throw them outwardly, draws the upper member 209 and its stem 22I downwardly free from contact with the ball valve 23%) allowing it to be closed by its spring 229. When the speed of the motor reaches a predetermined minimum, the member 209 is raised by its spring 2I6 correspondingly raising stem 22I, engaging ball 230, raising it from its seat and, as pointed out in connection with the complete operation as described in connection with Figures 20 to 2%, venting pressure or relief of pressure from the bottoms of cover operating cylinder 55 through a tubular path later traced which includes pipe 232 through chamber 23 I, bore 224, and vent outlet 233. Extending from the base 202 of the speed governor and extending over the top of the mechanism mounted thereon is an enclosing casing 234 which may be of glass, metal, plastic, or any other suitable material, the connection (not shown) to the pressure pipe 2.32 (pipe 244) being preferably below the casing 234 .and through the base.

Pipe connections Referring more particularly to Figures 14, 15 and Figures to 23, the pipe connections between the operating and controlling parts, some of which have been described, may be briefly reviewed and completed as follows: A suitable fluid pressure (preferably air) is supplied to the system from any outside source by means of pipe I26 which extends through supporting post I00, and leads to the block I21 for applying fluid under pressure to the passage I of the NO valve and to passage 135 of the NC valve (Figures 12 and 13). A pressure pipe branch leads to a pressure switch PS (Figures 20 to 23) diagrammatically shown as an electrical connecting switch between conductors 240 and 2 as hereinafter described. A pipe connection I22 extends from the NO valve to the lower end of the diaphragm valve B, and pipe connection 250 extends from the NC valve to the upper end of diaphragm valve A. A pipe connection v245 extends from the. lateral opening passage I62 of diaphragm valve B to the upper ends of cover cylinders 55, and a piping connection 242 extends frcrn the lower end of cylinders 55 and through pipe 243 to the lower end passage I64 of diaphragm valve A, the lateral opening passage I52 of diaphragm valve. A being connected by a piping connection 244' with the motor valve pipe 232 as shown in Figure 17. This pipe 224 also has a pipe connection 245 withthe upper or pressure end passage I8] of diaphragm valve B, and a che k valv L is connected between pipes 250 and 243 leading to the top and bottom of diaphragm valve A by pipes 250 and. an extension of pipe 243, the valve permitting a flow of pressure only in the direction from the pipe 250 through pipe 25I through the check valve and outwardly through pipe 243 (as represented in i ur 2.

A brake operating cylinder 9| is connected by a pipe 24! to the bottom opening I84 of the check valve T (Figure. 19) with pipes 248 and 249 connected to the opposite upper openings I88, one pipe 24%} extending into the pipe 246 leading to the upper end of cover cylinders 55 and the other pipe 249 connected into the pipe 259 leading to the upper end of the diaphragm valve A.

The various operating positions and conditions of the pressure and controlling parts are best understood from the foregoing detailed description of the parts and a detailed description of the various conditions described under Operation.

Electrical connections The basket of the extractor has an electric motor I93 connected thereto by a belt I96 for rotating it. The motor is represented in Figure 22 and Figure 24 as of the three phase type receiving current from supply lines 253, 254 and 255 through three main switches MS opened and closed by a contactor coil 252. This coil receives current from one of the supply lines through conductor 262, and conductors 259, 258, 257, and 256 form a, series circuit therefrom through the cover switch pressure switch and the microswitch back to one of the other mains 253 for energizing the contactor coil 252. If either of these switches is open, the contactor coil is not 12 energized, the main switches MS are not maintained in closed position and the driving motor will not start or it will be stopped if started or running. The arrangement of Figure 24 adds a brake switch 210 in series with the others.

The micro-switch S is operated as a starting switch, in addition .to which there is a clock-controlled timer including a switch 3% opened and closed thereby, and .a solenoid I56 which are operated in starting, running, and to stop the mechanism as set forth in the four different positions as described in detail under Operation.

Operation The operation of the extractor and the systern of coordinating the electric, air pressure, and mechanical operations is best understood from a consideration of the diagrammatic views Figures 20,21, 22 and 23, in which the combined operation of the parts will also be understood from a consideration of the above detailed descriptions thereof.

The four principal conditions as shown in these figures are: (l) The stopped position in which the cover is closed, the brake is applied and the motor is off; (2) stopped position with the cover open, the brake released and the motor off; (3) running position, cover closed, brake released and motor running; (4) the slowing down position, motor circuit open, brake applied, cover closed.

In considering the diagrams, the fluid pressure connections are represented in black lines when the pressure is applied thereto, and in light parallel lines when no pressure is applied there to, or the lines are vented. In Figures 20 to 23 inclusive which are diagrammatic representations. of the system, the diaphragm valves A and B are inverted in position from their showing in the other figures, but the operations thereof are correctly described.

Referring now more particularl to Figure 20, showing the parts in the first position, the air supply line I25 leads directly to a pressure switch PS having a switch bar 255 actuated by a fluid pressure device 256 normally receiving fluid under pressure from a branch of the air supply line I25. This switch is for connecting conductors 240 and 24! leading to the motor control circuit and insuring that the pressure must be adequate or the switch will not be closed. A supply pipe I25 leads directly to normally open valve NO and normall closed valve NC. The normal ly open valve is connected by a pipe I22 leading to one end of diaphragm valve B, but in this case, the ball valve of the diaphragm is closed by pressure on the diaphragm from the bottom of the cover cylinder through a pipe 242 which leads to a pipe 243 leading from a. one-way check valve L to a diaphragm valve A and through the valve of diaphragm valve A through pipe 244 having a connection 24'?) extending to energize the diaphragm of valve B and thence the pipe 244 extending to the motor valve. Pressure being applied to the diaphragm of valve B closes the ball valve and prevents the top of the cover cylinder from receiving pressure through a pipe 245 and diaphragm valve B. Under these conditions, fluid pressure in the cover cylinder is venting from the bottom through the motor valve which is now opened by its governor and allows the cover cylinder to exhaust through pipes 242, 243, 244 and through the motor valve.

At this time, the NO and NC levers are down, the cover switch is closed, the brake cylinder is not receiving pressure because a pipe 2-41 which is connected to the three-way ressure valve T is not receiving pressure through .a pipe 248 which is connected to the cover cylinder pipe 2% nor through a pipe 249 which is connected to a pipe 25 which extends from the diaphragm end of diaphragm valve A to the normally closed valve NC which also has a pipe connection 25| with the check valve L.

Thus it is seen that in this position the cover cylinder is venting, the cover remains closed, the brake is applied because the brake cylinder is not energized and the motor is shut oil because the micro-switch S is open.

Second position-In this position as represented by Figure 21, the venting of the cover cylinder has been complete and since there is no pressure at the diaphragm end of the diaphragm valve B, the ball valve thereof is now open to admit pressure from pipe line I22 through the valve and through pipe 246 to the top of the cover cylinder, thereby operating the cover cylinder to raise or open the cover. This also allows pressure to flow from pipe 246 through pipe 2418 into three-way valve T closing the ball thereof in one direction and allowing the pressure to be applied through pipe 24! to the brake cylinder, thus releasing the brake since the brake is applied by the pressure of its spring.

In this position, the motor is still deenergized and since the cover switch is open, the motor circuit cannot be closed until the cover is closed.

When the parts are in this position after a complete operation, the contents of the extractor are ready for unloading and since the brake is released, the extractor basket may be freely turned for unloading.

Third position-In this position as represented by Figure 22, the extractor basket has been filled and balanced if necessary, the operator sets the timer on the control station panel, then raises both of the levers 95 and ii? which are represented in the up position. The operator is now free to do other work for the duration set by the timer and the machine automatically goes through the complete cycle of operations. Operation of the levers close the normally open valve NO and opens the normally closed valve NC. The upward movement of the levers also closes the micro-switch S for the motor circuit. Closing the NO valve vents the top of the cover cylinder through pipe 2% and diaphragm valve B and thence through the pipe I22 through the NO valve.

Pressure is applied to the bottom of the cover cylinder from the air supply through normally closed valve NC and thence through pipe 250 to the diaphragm of diaphragm valve A. This allows fluid under pressure to pass through check valve L and thence through pipe 243 closed by the ball valve of diaphragm valve A, but allows fluid under pressure to pass through the brake line 242 to the lower end of the cover cylinder, thereby operating its piston and closing the cover. As the cover closes, it automatically closes the cover switch, thus completing a maintaining circuit of a contactor coil 252 of a main switch MS through the micro-switch S and a pressure switch in series with the cover switch.

Since the pipe line 25% is receiving pressure at this time, the brake cylinder receives pressure through pipes 259 and 24? and also through the check valve T to release the brake.

The driving motor is represented as of the three-phase type receiving current from supply lines 253, 254 and 255. Connected to the supply lines is a contactor coil 252 for maintaining the energizing circuit from the supply lines through the main switch MS to the motor as follows: From main 253 through conductor 24!], pressure switch, conductor 2, micro-switch S, conductor 258, cover switch, conductor 25 9, contactor coil 252 and conductor 259 to the other main 255. When the timer is operated, its circuit is also closed from the supply main 253 through micro-switch S as above described and thence through winding I50 of the solenoid, conductor 26!, the timer, and conductor 252 back to the other supply main 255. This circuit is open, however, during the time that the extractor is set for operation because the operation of the timer is necessary to close the circuit.

The motor circuit is now held closed and the motor starts After the set running time has elapsed, the timer switch closes its circuit energizing the solenoid which trips the microswitch S open. Opening the micro-switch breaks the maintaining circuit through the coil 252, thus opening the main switch connections MS for the supply line conductors 253, 254' and 255.

Fourth position.0pening the micro-switch also breaks the solenoid energizing circuit for winding I50 so that the solenoid is only momentarily energized in the interval that its circuit is closed by the timer and then is opened by the micro-switch S. When the solenoid is energized, it also trips both valve levers and 9! to down position as represented in Figure 23 allowing the valves NO and NC to assume their normal conditions. In this condition, the motor has been cut off and the brake is applied. The normally closed valve NO vents the brake cylinder through check valve T and pressure pipes 24?, 249 and 253, thus allowing the brake to be applied by its spring. The normally open valve NO opens the air supply to diaphragm valve B where it is checked by the trapped air in the line between the cover cylinder and the motor valve comprising the pipes 242, 243 and 244. As previously explained, when the motor slows down to a predetermined point, the governor in the motor valve opens a vent discharge for venting this line and also removing pressure from the diaphragm of diaphragm valve B as previously explained, thereby completing the entire cycle of operations.

Brake release switch modification In Figure 24, a modification of the electrical controlling system is shown which requires that the brake must be released regardless of air or mechanical defects before the motor can be started.

To accomplish this result, a normally open brake switch 210 has a closing member 2?! pro- .iecting from a casing 2'52 in which. the switch is mounted, the member being in the path of operating arm fil which is attached to the lower end of piston rod 39 of the brake cylinder at. When the brake is applied, the arm is in raised position as shown in the broken outline, and when the brake is released, the arm in the full line position as shown in Figure as engaging the switch closing member 2! l.

Connected by the switch are conductors and 274, the first of which is connected directly to one of supply mains 255 and the other of which is connected to the pressure switch in series with the cover switch. From the cover switch, con- (Motor 275 extends to the starting switch and thence by way of conductor Zlii to one side of ccntactor coil 252 oi the main switch MS through the coil and through conductor 2?? to another main line 253.

From the previous description, it is pointed out that the starting switch is closed. by the operation of the control levers and $2 which closes the starting switch for the starting operation.

The solenoid energizing circuit for the winding 55b is completed through the timer as set forth in the above description so that when. the timer closes its circuit near the end of a run, this circuit is traced through the starting switch Sas above set forth and thence through winding its, the timer switch and conductor 'i'il to the other main supply line 253. Energizing the solenoid winding iiiil opens the switch S which opens the maintaining circuit through the coil 252 of the switch MS, thus opening the main switch for the motor as above described.

Thus the operations of the extractor are the .ie as heretofore described except that an additional safety switch is provided in connection with the mechanism w 'ich insures that the brake must be entirely released to close the brake switch before the driving motor can be started to operate the extractor. This additional safety operation may be provided in connection with the cover switch and also the fluid pressure switch.

Conclusion With this construction and operating system, the ey 'ractor is completely and automatically controlled by the combined operation of the various mechanical, electrical, and pressure devices together with their operating parts, electrical circuits and pressure lines so that it is necessary only to load the extractor, to set the timer, and to raise the operating levers. All of the various mechanical, electrical and pressure devices areoperated in their proper sequence as above set forth until the timed operation is complete, the extractor is brought slowly to a complete stop and the cover is raised for unloading and to receive another load. Safeguards are also provided to prevent aocidental operation of the motor or release of the brake unless the control levers 96 and 97 are operated.

The invention is not to be understood as restricted to the details set forth since these may be modified within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A centrifugal extractor having a rotatable container, a casing in which the container is rotatable, a raisable cover hinged to the casing, a motor for rotating the container, a fluid pressure device for opening and closing the cover, an electrical switch means connected to the cover for operation thereby to close the switch when the cover is closed, a fluid pressure supply for the fluid pressure device, a pressure operated electrical switch connected to the fluid pressure supply requiring a predetermined pressure of the supply before the switch is closed, and a control circuit for the motor including the cover switch and the pressure switch in series, the cover being closed before the control circuit for the motor can be established.

2. A centrifugal extractor, comprising a rotatable container, a casing in which the container is rotatable, a raisable cover for the casing, a motor for rotating the container, a fluid pressure cover operating device, a brake for stopping the carrier and a fluid pressure operating device for releasing the brake, a fluid pressure supply, and a pressure operated electrical switch in a control circuit for the motor connected to the fluid pressure supply, this switch requiring predetermined fluid under pressure to close the switch and the brake fluid pressure device requiring fluid under pressure to release the brake, an electrical cover switch having means connecting it to open with the cover and to close when the cover is closed, a manually operable electrical switch, and a control circuit for the motor including the manually operable switch, the pressure switch and the cover switch connected in series when they are closed so that the brake is released by its fluid pressure device and the cover is closed by its fluid pressure operated device before the motor can be energized.

3. A centrifugal extractor, comprising a rotatable container, a casing in which the container is rotatable, a cover raisable from the casing, an electric motor for rotating the container, a brake having a fluid pressure device for releasing it, a fluid pressure cover operating device, a fluid pressure supply connected to the fluid pressure brake and cover devices, an electrical switch and a fluid pressure operating device therefor connected to the fluid pressure supply and the switch operated thereby when there is sufficient pressure to actuate the fluid pressure devices, an electrical cover switch connected to and opened and closed when the cover is opened and closed respectively, a manually operable electrical switch, and an energizing circuit for the motor including the manually operable electrical switch, the pressure switch and the cover switch all connected in series when the switches are closed, and a timer including a switch and a circuit which is closed by the timer through the manually operable switch only when the latter is closed.

.4. A centrifugal extractor having a rotatable container, a casing in which the container is rotatable, a cover raisable from the casing, a motor for rotating the container, a brake for stopping the container having a fluid pressure brake releasing device, a fluid pressure cover operating device for I opening and closing the cover, a source of fluid pressure supply connected to the brake releasing and cover devices, an electric switch for the motor having a fluid pressure closing device operable when the pressure is sufficient to operate the other said fluid pressure devices, an electrical cover switch closed by the cover when the cover is closed, a timer having a normally open switch closed after the lapse of a predetermined time, a manually operable switch, a motor controlling circuit including the manually operable switch, the fluid pressure motor switch, and the cover switch in series to complete an energizing circuit for the motor, a solenoid winding included in a circuit with the timer switch, and a circuit breaker operated by the solenoid winding for opening the manually operable switch when it is closed in the motor circuit, the timer circuit being closed through the solenoid by the timer for operating the circuit breaker to open the manually closed switch circuit to the motor when a predetermined time set on the timer has expired.

5. In a centrifugal extractor, a pair of manually raisable operating levers, normally open valve means closed by one of the levers in its raising movement, normally closed valve means opened by the other lever in its raising movement, an operating rod moved by the levers, an electrical switch opened and closed by the rod in its opposite movements, a solenoid winding in a circuit including the switch and operable when energized to move the rod to open the switch and to lower the'levers, a motor having a controlling circuit including the switch, a receptacle rotated by the motor, a casing for the receptacle having a raisable cover, fluid pressure cover operating means and fluid pressure brake operating means both receiving pressure through the normally closed valve means when the levers are raised, and the cover fluid pressure operating means being vented through the normally open valve means when its lever is raised.

.6, In a centrifugal extractor, a pair of manually raisable operating levers, a source of fluid pressure supply, three way valve means normally open to said supply and closed therefrom when one of the levers is raised, another three way valve means normally closed to said supply and opened thereto when the other lever is raised, a receptacle and a motor for rotating it, a casing for the receptacle and a cover raisable therefrom, fluid pressure means comprising a cylinder and a double acting piston therein for raising and lowering the cover, fluid pressure brake operating means for the receptacle, means connecting the normally closed valve means to both of said fluid pressure means to lower the cover and to operate the brake when its lever is raised, and means to connect the lowering end of said cover operating cylinder to the normally closed valve means when its lever is raised, the three way valves having a pressure exhaust connection when they are closed to the passage of pressure therethrough by the operation of their levers.

, 7. In a centrifugal extractor, a source of fluid pressure supply, valve means normally open to said supply, another valve means normally closed to said supply, operating levers raisable to close the normally open valve means and to open the normally closed valve means to said supply, an extractor casing having a rotatable receptacle and a motor for rotating it, a cover raisable from said casing, double acting fluid pressure means comprising a cylinder and piston for raising and lowering cover of the receptacle, fluid pressure brake operating means for the receptacle, a fluid pressure connection from the normally closed valve means which is opened by its lever to the fluid pressure means for lowering the cover and to admit fluid under pressure to the-fluid pressure brake means, a pair of diaphragm valves each controlled by pressure from one of the normally open. and normally closed valves, and the normally open valve means being closed by its lever to connect the cover raising end of the fluid pressure cover cylinder to exhaust through one of the diaphragm valves, and the other diaphragm valve being operative by the normally closed valve means when its lever is operated to close the fluid pressure cover cylinder against exhaust from the cover lowering end of said fluid pressure cylinder.

8..In a centrifugal extractor, an electric driving motor, means for controlling the operation of the motor, said means comprising a pair of fluid pressure valve closing levers, fluid pressure devices operatedby the levers for controlling the motor operation means by said levers, an energizing circuit forcontrolling the motor oper ation including a'switch, a vertically movable rod and means actuated by the levers for moving thegrod' and closing the said switch and its circuit, a solenoid and a timer with a switch and a controlled winding for the solenoid in a circuit closed by the timer to actuate the rod to lower the levers and to actuate the motor switch to open the motor controlling circuit for a predetermined time. 7 v

9. In a centrifugal extractor, a pair of manually raisable fluid pressure valve operating levers, valves operated by the levers, fluid pressure devices operated by the valves controlled by said levers, a motor controlling circuit including a. switch, a longitudinally movable operating rod for opening and closing the switch, a solenoid for operatively moving the rod in one direction, a timer having a switch in a controlling circuit for the solenoid, a pair of arms each engaged by the raising movement of one of said levers, a fit-- ting at the bottom of the operating rod, and a pin insertable through said arms and said fitting for selectively engaging either one or both of the arms and either one or both of the levers engaging the corresponding arm or arms to move the rod in one direction and to be moved by the rod in the other direction of movement.

10. In a centrifugal extractor, a pair of dia. phragm valves each having a pressure end and a ball valve for controlling a fluid pressure circuit connection therethrough, a motor governor relief valve connected through the ball valve of one diaphragm valve and to the pressure end of the other diaphragm valve, a fluid pressure opening and closing cover operator for the extractor comprising a cylinder connected at one end through theball valve of said other diaphragm valve, 21. pair of levers and pressure valves operated thereby, a source of fluid under pressure connected through the 'valves of said levers, the connection from one of the valves leading to the pressure end of the first said diaphragm, and a connection from the other fluid pressure valve leading through the ball'valve of the other diaphragm valve to the cover opening end of said cover operating cylinder, a fluid pressure brake operating means and a three-way check valve com nected to the fluid pressure brake operating means for connecting said means either to the pressure line for the first diaphragm valve or.

supply and connected to the pressure end of thefirst diaphragm valve, valve means normally open to said supply and connected through the ball valve of the second diaphragm valve, a double; acting fluid pressure piston and cylinder cover opening and closing operating device for the extractor connected atthe cover opening end to the ball valve of the second diaphragm valve, and connected at the cover closing end through the ball valve of the first diaphragm valve, a fluid pressure speed governor valve for the extractor.

connected through the ball valve of the first diaphragm valve and'to the pressure end of the second diaphragm valve so that the cover operating: device can discharge through the governor valve when. the extractor speed reaches a predetermined low level, a fluid pressure brake operating 

